Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management

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Genetic methods in environmental monitoring: Early detection and monitoring of non-indigenous species based on DNA
Perfomers of environmental monitoring, Companies, SeAnalytics AB.
Perfomers of environmental monitoring, Companies, SeAnalytics AB.
Perfomers of environmental monitoring, Companies, SeAnalytics AB.
Perfomers of environmental monitoring, Companies, SeAnalytics AB.
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2022 (English)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Att samla in marina hårdbottenorganismer med autonoma tekniker i kombination med DNA-analyser för artidentifiering har visat sig vara effektiv övervakning av biologisk mångfald och upptäckt av främmande arter. Denna metod ger väl till tidig varning i övervakning av invasiva främmande arter.

Göteborgs universitet har på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten och i samarbete med SeAnalytics AB genomfört två pilotstudier för att undersöka om planktonprover och sedimentering i kombination med DNA-baserad artidentifiering är en effektiv metod för tidig upptäckt och kontinuerlig övervakning av främmande arter (NIS).

Undersökningarna genomfördes under vintern, våren och sommaren 2020 på olika platser längs den svenska västkusten, från fjorden Brofjorden i norr till Helsingborg i söder. Projektet innebär ett samarbete inom ett internationellt nätverk för biologisk mångfald där öppna data hjälper till att sprida resultaten på ett öppet och transparent sätt.

Metodiken för att upptäcka marina invasiva främmande arter behöver alltid utvärderas och förbättras för ett mer effektivt övervakningssystem för tidig varning.

Denna rapport bör vara av intresse både för miljöövervakare på nationell, regional och kommunal nivå, men även för forskare och utvecklare av nya metoder för denna uppföljning.

Rapporten har granskats av analytikerna Niclas Engene och Andrea Ljung. Erland Lettevall har ansvarat för uppdraget av projektet samt granskning och redigering av rapporten.

Abstract [en]

Collecting marine hard bottom organism with autonomous techniques in combination with DNA analyses for species identification has proven to be efficient monitoring of biodiversity and detection of non-indigenous species. This methodology provides well to early warning surveillance of invasiv alien species. 

The University of Gothenburg has, on behalf of the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management and in collaboration with SeAnalytics AB, carried out two pilot studies to investigate whether plankton samples and settling panels in combination with DNA-based species identification is an effective method for early detection and continuous monitoring of non-indigenous species (NIS). The surveys were conducted during the winter, spring and summer of 2020 at various locations along the Swedish west coast, from the fjord Brofjorden in the north to Helsingborg in the south. The sites were chosen based on previous modelling (Bergkvist et al. 2020a) hotspots for introduction of alien species.

The settling panel study followed the protocols for monitoring of hard bottom organisms as set up in the international ARMS (Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures) project (Leray & Knowlton, 2015; Obst et al. 2020). A total of 16 ARMS settling panels were deployed during the winter and spring months and were submerged between 3–4 months before taken up for further processing and analysis. Plankton samples were taken from six of these sites, on three different occasions, and two samples from each site or occasion.

DNA was extracted from the settling panels and plankton and metabarcoding libraries prepared for three molecular markers (COI, 18S, ITS), together with positive and negative controls, altogether 284 libraries. Thirty-four NIS were recorded, of which fourteen are classified as invasive alien species (IAS) by the Swedish Species Information Center and on the list of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern. The remaining 20 NIS are listed on the Aqua-NIS list and need to be further investigated for their alien and invasive status in the country.

The tested methods perform well both for early detection of unknown NIS as well as for regular monitoring of already known NIS. The chosen markers COI and 18S performed well, while ITS did not produce sufficient species observations and can be omitted as a marker gene.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Göteborg: Havs- och vattenmyndigheten, 2022. , p. 46
Series
Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management report ; 2022:4
Keywords [en]
invasive alien species, monitoring system, sampling, environmental DNA
Keywords [sv]
invasiva främmande arter, övervakningssystem, provtagning, DNA-baserad artidentifiering
National Category
Environmental Sciences Ecology
Research subject
Finance, National
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:havochvatten:diva-545ISBN: 978-91-89329-32-4 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:havochvatten-545DiVA, id: diva2:1687913
Available from: 2022-08-17 Created: 2022-08-17 Last updated: 2022-08-17

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