Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management

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Anteckningar om äldre svenska marina fiskerivetenskapliga undersökningar: Glimtar från 200 år av fiskeriundersökningar
Perfomers of environmental monitoring, Government Agencies, National Board of Fisheries.
Responsible organisation
1998 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Anteckningar har gjorts för tiden mitten av sjuttonhundratalet till slutet på 1970-talet. Tre perioder kan urskiljas. - Under den första perioden från mitten av sjuttonhundratalet till början av vårt eget sekel publicerades taxonomiska arbeten (Petrus Artedi) samt beskrivningar av de olika fiskarterna i våra vatten. Årsrapporter finns om fisket - som då endast bedrevs vid kusten från Norrland till Bohuslän. I Bohuslän gav frågan om trangrumsets skadlighet efter sillkokningen under slutet på sjuttonhundratalet upphov till den första miljöundersökningen i havet. Sillperioderna, under vilka sillen uppträdde i oerhörda mängder, ansåg man åtminstone delvis kunna förklaras med oceanografiska förändringar. Oceanografer tog initiativet till samordning av havsforskningen internationellt.

Under den andra perioden från omkring sekelskiftet till 1948 bildades Internationella havsforskningrådet, ICES, varigenom aktiviteterna fick en internationell prägel. Talrika biologiska undersökningar gjordes av sill/strömming, skarpsill/vassbuk, torskfiskar och plattfiskar. Omfattande plankton- och benthosundersökningar gjordes samt fasta hydrografiska obervationsstationer inrättades i Västerhavet och i Östersjön. En del redskapsförsök genomfördes. Syftet var bl a att ge ett biologskt underlag för nödvändiga förvaltningsåtgärder i fisket. Ensammanfattande presentation av svensk fiskeriforskning publicerades med verket ”Fiskar och fiske i Norden”.

Den tredje perioden från 1948, då ”Kungl. fiskeristyrelsen” inrättades, till slutet på 1970-talet utmärker sig genom omfattande märkningar av sill/strömming och torsk, för att studera vandringar och tillväxt. Genom subfossila utgrävningar kunde man klarlägga vilken sorts sill som fanns under sjuttonhundratalets sillperiod. I samband med miljödebatten visade det sig att de långa oceanografiska och biologiska observationsserier som hade insamlats blev ett ovärderligt basmaterial för att studera miljöförändringar i havet. Den oceanografiska situationen i Östersjön bevakades. Genom fiskbeståndens hårda beskattning skedde det en stark förskjutning av undersökningarna mot beståndsuppskattningar. Några arbeten publicerades om fiskets kulturhistoria och ekonomi.

Abstract [en]

The annotations cover the time from the middle of the 18th century to the end of the 1970’s. Three periods can be distinguished. -During the first period, from the middle of the 18th century until the beginning of the present century, taxonomic studies (PetrusArtedi) and descriptions of fish species occurring in Swedish waters were the dominating activities. From this period, annual reports are available on fisheries, at that time coastal only, from Norrland in the Baltic Sea to Bohuslän, in the Skagerrack. The first marine environmental issue was the question whether train oil waste was dangerous for the fishery during the herring period in the 18thcentury in Bohuslän. Herring periods, during which herring occurred in enormous quantities in the archipelago of Bohuslän, were considered to be caused, at least partly, by major oceanographic changes. Swedish oceanographers took the initiative for an international coordination of marine research.

During the second period, from the beginning of this century until 1948, the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, ICES, was established, whereby efforts became internationally coordinated. Numerous biological investigations were carried out on herring, sprat, codfishes and flatfishes. Studies were also made on benthos and plankton, and a network of oceanographic observations was established in the Skagerrack/Kattegatt and in the Baltic. A number of experiments were conducted with fishing gear. Results from fishery investigations were used as background material i.a. for management measures. A comprehensive study on fish and fisheries in northern countries was published in two volumes of “Fiskar och Fiske i Norden”, edited by K.A. Anderssson, 3 edns.

The third period, starting in 1948 when the Royal Fishery Board (now the Swedish National Board of Fisheries) was established, commenced with a large number of taggings of herring and cod, in order to study migrations and growth. Through excavations of sub fossile waste the origin of the herring, present during the herring period of the eighteenth century, could be identified. In the context of environmental issues in the sea, it was found that our long term series on biological and oceanographical data was the most valuable material available. The oceanographic situation was monitored particularly in the Baltic. Following the increased exploitation of fish stocks, there was a pronounced shift of focus towards stock assessments. Some socio-economic studies were also made.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Göteborg: Fiskeriverket , 1998. , p. 37
Series
Fiskeriverket Information 1997-2000, ISSN 1402-8719 ; 1998:5
Keywords [en]
fish, herring, oceanography, fishery investigation, hydrography
Keywords [sv]
fisk, fiskerivetenskap, sill, havsforskning, ICES, hydrografi, fiskeriforskning
National Category
Environmental Sciences Geology Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources
Research subject
Finance, National
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:havochvatten:diva-336OAI: oai:DiVA.org:havochvatten-336DiVA, id: diva2:1458868
Available from: 2020-08-18 Created: 2020-08-18 Last updated: 2020-12-01

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